Sushila Karki: Nepal’s First Female PM Navigates Post-Protest Transition

Sushila Karki made history on September 12, 2025, by becoming Nepal’s first female prime minister following deadly anti-corruption protests that ousted former PM K.P. Sharma Oli. The 73-year-old former chief justice, appointed to lead an interim government, faces the monumental task of stabilizing a nation reeling from violence that claimed 51 lives and destroyed key government buildings. Her swearing-in by President Ram Chandra Poudel marked a pivotal moment for the Himalayan nation, which hasn’t seen such unrest in decades.

This article delves into Sushila Karki’s groundbreaking appointment, exploring her background, the protests that propelled her to power, and the challenges ahead. Additionally, we’ll examine her role in Nepal’s political transition and the expectations of the Gen Z movement that backed her. Understanding her journey offers insights into Nepal’s fragile democracy and its quest for accountability and reform.

How Sushila Karki Rose to Power: From Judiciary to Leadership

Sushila Karki’s appointment as interim prime minister followed a four-day power vacuum after Oli’s resignation. The Gen Z protests, initially sparked by a social media ban, evolved into a broader uprising against corruption and elitism. Protesters selected Sushila Karki through an informal vote on Discord, valuing her reputation for integrity and anti-corruption stance. Consequently, President Poudel dissolved parliament and scheduled new elections for March 5, 2026, aligning with protesters’ demands.

Sushila Karki’s judicial career paved the way for her political role. She served as Nepal’s first female chief justice from 2016 to 2017, earning recognition for landmark rulings against corruption . For example, she overturned political appointments in law enforcement and convicted high-profile officials. However, her tenure faced controversy. In 2017, lawmakers filed an impeachment motion against her, alleging judicial overreach. Public backlash and court interventions halted the motion, solidifying her image as an anti-establishment figure.

The 2025 Protests: Crisis and Change

The protests that brought Sushila Karki to power were Nepal’s deadliest in years. Violence erupted after Oli’s government banned social media platforms like WhatsApp and Instagram, aiming to stifle dissent . However, the ban backfired. Young activists, angered by corruption and the lavish lifestyles of politicians’ families (“nepo kids”), flooded the streets.

Key Protest Statistics:

The army imposed curfews and deployed troops to restore order. By September 12, Kathmandu showed signs of normalcy, with shops reopening and police swapping firearms for batons.

Sushila Karki’s Background and Credentials

Sushila Karki’s journey to leadership is rooted in her legal and academic prowess. Born in 1952 in Biratnagar, she earned a master’s degree in political science from India’s Banaras Hindu University and a law degree from Tribhuvan University. She began her career as a teacher and lawyer, eventually rising to Nepal’s Supreme Court in 2009.

Milestones in Her Career:

• 2016: Appointed as Nepal’s first female chief justice.
• 2017: Faced impeachment for opposing political interference in police appointments.
• 2018–2019: Authored books on justice and prison reform.
• 2025: Selected by Gen Z protesters as interim PM.

Her personal life also reflects her commitment to democracy. She married Durga Prasad Subedi, a Nepali Congress leader involved in a 1973 plane hijacking to fund anti-monarchy efforts. Colleagues describe her as a “Gandhian” known for simplicity and integrity.

Challenges Ahead for Nepal’s First Female PM

Sushila Karki’s interim government confronts immense hurdles. First, she must restore law and order amid ongoing tensions. Second, she needs to investigate the violence and hold perpetrators accountable . Third, preparing for fair elections by March 2026 is crucial for democratic transition.

Additionally, Sushila Karki must address systemic issues like corruption, unemployment, and economic instability. Nepal’s youth, who propelled her to power, demand transparency and opportunities. As constitutional expert Bipin Adhikari noted, she must “provide good governance [and] control corruption” to succeed.

International and Domestic Reactions

India’s Ministry of External Affairs welcomed Sushila Karki’s appointment, emphasizing close ties and hopes for stability. Domestically, Gen Z protesters expressed cautious optimism. Manjita Manandhar, a demonstrator, stated, “We did it!!!! For them! For New Nepal!”. However, some analysts worry about her lack of political experience and potential opposition from established parties.

Conclusion: A New Dawn for Nepal?

Sushila Karki’s ascent to prime minister marks a turning point for Nepal. Her leadership represents a triumph for youth activism and anti-corruption efforts. However, her success hinges on navigating political complexities and delivering reforms. As Nepal marches toward elections, the world watches whether this historic appointment can heal a fractured nation.

Stay informed about Nepal’s transition—follow our coverage for updates on Sushila Karki’s government and the 2026 elections!

FAQs About Sushila Karki and Nepal’s Political Crisis

1. Why was Sushila Karki chosen as interim PM?

Protesters selected her for her integrity and anti-corruption record. She emerged as a consensus candidate through a Discord vote.

2. What triggered the 2025 protests in Nepal?

A social media ban ignited demonstrations, which expanded into broader anti-corruption and anti-government movements.

3. What are Sushila Karki’s top priorities as PM?

She aims to restore order, investigate violence, and prepare for elections by March 2026.

4. How has the international community responded?

India welcomed her appointment, pledging continued cooperation.

5. What makes Sushila Karki a historic figure?

She is Nepal’s first female chief justice and first female prime minister.

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